Super Moon happen when a full moon approximately coincides with the moon's perigee, or a point in its orbit at which it is closest to Earth. This makes the moon appear up to 14 percent larger and 30 percent brighter than usual.
While the moon's average distance is 238,000 miles (382,900 km) from Earth, its orbit isn't perfectly circular, so that distance varies a small amount. The perigee for January's supermoon is the closest of this year.
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